I had that same question before I got my first one. If the information I found is correct, the radiation dose is so low that I don’t consider it relevant.
Body Composition by DXA - PMC.
DXA does expose the patient and operator to ionizing radiation but the dose is very small to both. The effective radiation dose from a single whole body DXA (< 10 microSieverts) is similar to the normal background radiation received over one day at sea level
DEXA scans are safe-dual energy xray absorptiometry.
How many sieverts of radiation does a DEXA scan provide?
Depending on your size, a DEXA body comp scan delivers 1-4 uSv. That “uSu” stands for 1,000,000 microsieverts — a relatively minuscule amount of radiation.
To put that in perspective, the average person receives about 8 uSv of radiation by merely walking around. That radiation is coming from cosmic rays, the Earth’s crust, and other sources.
Is it okay to get more than one DEXA body comp scan done per year?
Yes. In fact, 3-4 DEXA body comp scans are safe. A round trip cross-country flight exposes you to much more radiation: 40 uSv.
What is considered the acceptable limit of radiation scans in a year?
If you require multiple medical examinations, the acceptable limit is 20 mSv per year. Note that’s “mSv,” which stands for 1000 millisieverts — not as much as a standard Sievert but magnitudes higher than a single DEXA scan range of 1-4 uSv.
By the way, a coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan is 0.8-10.5 mSv (not uSv), so roughly 1000x more than a DEXA scan. A lot of us get those without even thinking about it. Link: Coronary artery calcification screening: estimated radiation dose and cancer risk - PMC
I switched my resistance exercise from a powerlifting strength-focused training program (low reps, heavy), to 70/30 hypertrophy/strength because my ALMI was low. I had lost a lot of muscle due to a hospitalization. I gained back a small amount during my fat loss diet, but not nearly enough. ALMI was the actionable information I got from the most recent DEXA scans.
My wife gets them also. She had too much fat, not enough muscle, and bone density issues. She was able to make good progress on all 3 in 6 months.