Do we have similar tables by gender?
Neo
#83
Or we can work to not get AD
Neo
#84
Not sure, would check the paper and its supplement - and if not there, email the corresponding author
The graph seems to imply that almost all elderly will get AD??? Is that true? Iām finding it a little hard to believe.
Luckily I donāt have APOE4. However 23andMe wonāt tell me about APOE3.
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Iām apoe3/4 and female so properly concerned but that graph is bullshit for a number of reasons, the obvious one that jumps to mind being that the apoe variant of the general population is NOT known ā only a minuscule proportion of people know theirs, and that slice of the population is by no means representative, as youāre more likely to get tested once you already display cognitive impairment. Therefore sweeping generalizations are impossible based on that variable. Most terrorists alive today are Muslim. That chart is the equivalent of surmising, from that fact, that most Muslims alive today are terrorists.
You can do some back of the envelope calculations based on the guesstimate that at least 30% of the population has at least one apoE4 allele. Figure out life expectancy in America, and by that metric the total number of cases of Alzheimerās will be stratospherically higher than it currently is ā if the chart were correct.
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Tim
#87
@DeStrider
āHowever 23andMe wonāt tell me about APOE3.ā
Why is that?
Neo
#88
I agree that itās only one paper (even if in one of the utmost top scientific journals).
My point is less about the graph per se, itā more that AGING is the biggest risk factor - and especially if we live long.
Here is another source:
幓é¾
Age is the greatest of these three risk factors. The percentage of people with Alzheimerās dementia increases dramatically with age.
% who have Alzheimerās dementia:
- 5% of people age 65 to 74
- 13.1% of people age 75 to 84
- 33.3% of people age 85 or older
- (very rare before age 65)
(Although prevalence studies of younger-onset dementia in the United States are limited, researchers believe about 110 of every 100,000 people ages 30-64 years, have younger-onset dementia)
See here https://alzjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alz.13016#:~:text=The%20percentage%20of%20people%20with,dementia%20(see%20Prevalence%20section)
That sure looks like very exponential increase. From this source we cannot be sure what happens for an 90, 95, 100 year old, but it does seem to go in a similar direction as in the graph in the Nature Comms paper.
So also from this source, the takeaway seems to be that it we are aiming to live to 90, 100 or beyond we have to make AD prevention a top priority. Are we disagreeing about that?
2023 Alzheimerās disease facts and figures.
https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alz.13016#
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Neo
#89
Not sure, but think:
- Most people will die before they are 80ish in the US
- Many people die with some AD process having started even if it has not gotten to full blown severe AD
So I donāt think the average old person today is the correct dataset to compare what things might look like if we become 95, 100, 105 (without having super centurion genes, which almost none of us on this forum statically should have)
See also my reply above to @medaura for another source re AD prevalence across age that you might want to look at.
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I think the graph is driving an important point home, that thatās whatās to worry about the most as we age. With me itās preaching to the choir. When it comes to making precise statistical predictions though, about oneās specific odds relative to age, it should be taken with a spoonful of salt.
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FWIW, Some SSA actuarial life table data -
Pre-covid, 51% of males and 65% of females still here at age 80. By age 90, 19% of males, 30% of females.
2019:
2020 (latest available):
Covid made a rather noticeable dent:
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Neo
#92
Thx for detail, inline with 80-ish
in miceā¦
Protein restriction slows the development and progression of Alzheimerās disease in mice
Dietary protein is a critical regulator of metabolic health and aging. Low protein diets are associated with healthy aging in humans, and many independent groups of researchers have shown that dietary protein restriction (PR) extends the lifespan and healthspan of mice. Here, we examined the effect of PR on metabolic health and the development and progression of Alzheimerās disease (AD) in the 3xTg mouse model of AD. We found that PR has metabolic benefits for 3xTg mice and non-transgenic controls of both sexes, promoting leanness and glycemic control in 3xTg mice and rescuing the glucose intolerance of 3xTg females. We found that PR induces sex-specific alterations in circulating metabolites and in the brain metabolome and lipidome, downregulating sphingolipid subclasses including ceramides, glucosylceramides, and sphingomyelins in 3xTg females. Consumption of a PR diet starting at 6 months of age reduced AD pathology in conjunction with reduced mTORC1 activity, increased autophagy, and had cognitive benefits for 3xTg mice. Finally, PR improved the survival of 3xTg mice. Our results demonstrate that PR slows the progression of AD at molecular and pathological levels, preserves cognition in this mouse model of AD, and suggests that PR or pharmaceutical interventions that mimic the effects of this diet may hold promise as a treatment for AD.
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Elros
#96
I love this list @meduara thank you! Great summary. Iām ApoE4/4 and doing many but not all of these things, am looking into them!
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āThis article is a preprint. It may not have been peer reviewed.ā
So, the choice is sarcopenia by protein restriction or
protein as recommended and getting Alzheimerās. Iām glad Iām not a mouse!
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medaura
#98
Thereās more where that came from. If youāve hit the low hanging fruit, feel free to ping me for more. I have a whole document with clippings from promising research.
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Feel free to post the document here (pdf or jpg/png file), or send it by DM to me, Iāll make a PDF out of it and post it here.
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medaura
#100
Iāll organize it a bit more and send it over.
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For a little over a decade, scientists have been studying a subset of people they call āsuper-agers.ā These individuals are age 80 and up, but they have the memory ability of a person 20 to 30 years younger.
A paper published Monday in the Journal of Neuroscience helps shed light on whatās so special about the brains of super-agers. The biggest takeaway, in combination with a companion study that came out last year on the same group of individuals, is that their brains have less atrophy than their peersā do.
Experts donāt know how someone becomes a super-ager, though there were a few differences in health and lifestyle behaviors between the two groups in the Spanish study. Most notably, the super-agers had slightly better physical health, both in terms of blood pressure and glucose metabolism, and they performed better on a test of mobility. The super-agers didnāt report doing more exercise at their current age than the typical older adults, but they were more active in middle age. They also reported better mental health.
non-paywalled version: A Peek Inside the Brains of āSuper-Agersā
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